Оригинал на английском:
Focus on Syntax
STILL MORE INFORMATION ABOlIT PUNCTUATION
I. Colons are used to introduce lists, to indicate a subtitle or a subdivision of a topic.
There are different trends in painting: classicism, romanticism, impressionism, cubism, etc.
The History of Britain: A Personal View.
Colons may also be used to mark a clause in which reasons or explanations are given.
We decided against buying the DVD player: it was rather heavy to take on holiday with us.
II. Semi-colons are sometimes used instead of commas to separate items included in a sequence or list.
The shopping centre has a number of features: a cinema; two meeting rooms; a fast-food cafe; a small gymnasium. Semi-colons may also be used instead of full stops to separate two main clauses. In such cases the clauses remain grammatically separate but are linked in meaning.
Some cats sleep during the night; most cats are active during the dark.
In contemporary English semi-colons are not frequently used. Full stops and commas are much more common.
39 Explain the use of colons in these sentences.
1. In formal English we always read year dates as hundreds: 1999 (nineteen hundred and ninety-nine . 2. She still enjoys such books: science fiction, detective stories, historical novels. 3. We have everything we need: land, brains, wealth, technology. 4. American Literature: 20th Century. 5. She decided against going to Spain in November: the weather is usually dull and rainy there in that month. 6. The man had been paralysed: this, not age, explained his unsteady walk. 7. I decided to leave: John and Mary were obviously tired. 8. Please send the stipulated items: your birth certificate, your passport and your CV.
STILL MORE INFORMATION ABOlIT PUNCTUATION
I. Colons are used to introduce lists, to indicate a subtitle or a subdivision of a topic.
There are different trends in painting: classicism, romanticism, impressionism, cubism, etc.
The History of Britain: A Personal View.
Colons may also be used to mark a clause in which reasons or explanations are given.
We decided against buying the DVD player: it was rather heavy to take on holiday with us.
II. Semi-colons are sometimes used instead of commas to separate items included in a sequence or list.
The shopping centre has a number of features: a cinema; two meeting rooms; a fast-food cafe; a small gymnasium. Semi-colons may also be used instead of full stops to separate two main clauses. In such cases the clauses remain grammatically separate but are linked in meaning.
Some cats sleep during the night; most cats are active during the dark.
In contemporary English semi-colons are not frequently used. Full stops and commas are much more common.
39 Explain the use of colons in these sentences.
1. In formal English we always read year dates as hundreds: 1999 (nineteen hundred and ninety-nine . 2. She still enjoys such books: science fiction, detective stories, historical novels. 3. We have everything we need: land, brains, wealth, technology. 4. American Literature: 20th Century. 5. She decided against going to Spain in November: the weather is usually dull and rainy there in that month. 6. The man had been paralysed: this, not age, explained his unsteady walk. 7. I decided to leave: John and Mary were obviously tired. 8. Please send the stipulated items: your birth certificate, your passport and your CV.